6.25에 대한 북한과 중국(모택동)과의 외교 관계..07편 마지막편 |
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07편. (마지막편)
● 《 원문 》
Kim Il-s?ng's two visit to Beijing and Mao's responses, 1949-1950
Kim, Jin-kyung
The Communist materials on the Korean War, released from China and Russia since 1980s, enable us to take a new look at the cause of the Korea War. This article is based partly on the PRC materials and more on the documents of the former Soviet Union, which were presented to South Korea by Russian President Yeltsin in 1994. Though the Communists materials are not enough to clarify all the questions concerning the causes of the Korean War, a careful cross-examination of the materials unmistakably leads us to a conclusion that North Korea started the war. Before the Korean War, Kim Il-s?ng visited Beijing twice, at the end of April 1949 and on May 13 1950. Two visits are made both after the consultation with Stalin, possibly after Stalin's words to do so. Mao's response to Kim visit was surprising. Having been informed of the purpose of the visit, Mao refused to see Kim. Mao, instead, talked to only Kim Il, Kim Il-s?ng's lieutenant and who accompanied Kim. Mao gave his endorsement to North Korea's plan to invade the South, but with a warning that the war might drag into a prolonged one. During the talk, Mao even brushed away Kim Il's proposal that Kim Il-s?ng would lead a congratulatory delegation to Beijing when China announced the foundation of the PRC. Mao's response to Kim's visit to Beijing shows us that even though Mao was giving a verbal support for the invasion plan, he was, in heart, opposing the plan. Knowing that the plan had been discussed with Stalin in Moscow and Kim was acting upon Stalin's encouragement, Mao could not overtly express his opposition. Mao could only refuse to see Kim, while giving a lukewarm oration to the plan. The very fact that Mao refused to receive Kim Il-s?ng shows Mao opposed the plan to invade the South.
The return of Korean soldiers in the PLA to North Korea also shows Mao's half-
hearted support for the plan. The purpose of Kim's visit to Beijing was to secure Mao's approval for the repatriation of Korean soldiers in China to North Korea. The soldiers would be a backbone for the attack-troops for the planned invasion. Mao returned two divisions of Korean soldiers to North Korea during 1949. The third division was released only after the Soviet inquiry into the issue during Mao's visit to Moscow in January 1950. Mao ordered to return the rest of the troops to North Korea during his stay in Moscow. The troops numbered at least thirty-four thousand. These troops were a quick solution for Stalin's prerequisite for the approval of the invasion. Stalin and Moscow had been repeatedly stressing a military superiority over the South before any military action against the South was taken. With the Soviet weapons, the Korean soldiers returned from China made the North meet Stalin's conditions for his approval. Without these soldiers North Korea could not have achieved a military superiority over South Korea within a short period of time. Without them, the Korean War might have broken out later than June 25, 1950.
◇ 《 위의 원문 한글로 번역 》
☆김일성의 베이징 두 차례 방문과 1949~1950년 마오쩌둥의 반응. 1980년대 이후 중국과 러시아에서 공개된 한국전쟁에 관한 공산주의적 자료들은 한국전쟁의 원인을 새롭게 살펴볼 수 있게 해준다. 이 기사는 1994년 옐친 러시아 대통령이 한국에 제출한 PRC 자료와 구소련 문서 등을 일부 바탕으로 작성됐다. 625전쟁의 원인과 관련한 모든 의문점을 밝히기엔 공산당의 자료만으로는 부족하지만, 그 자료들에 대한 면밀한 대질 조사는 북한이 전쟁을 일으켰다는 결론으로 연결된다.
이상. Eng
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